General Pediatrics always emphasizes outstanding clinical care for patients across socioeconomic backgrounds of medical complexities; cutting-edge health services researches, and training of future academic leaders in the field of child health.
It encompasses the care, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of medical conditions and issues that are generally specific to this younger population. A general pediatrician will treat minor wounds, common illnesses, and some infectious diseases that may affect young people. They provide medical care of various ages to keep them healthy and growing.
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Clinical pediatrics
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Pediatric developmental changes
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Pediatrics health
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Diagnosis & treatment
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Immunizations
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Nutrition counseling
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Care for acute illnesses, such as flu
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Family and parenting problems
The word "neonatology" defines "science of the newborn". It is the medical specialty of taking care of newborn babies, sick babies, and premature babies in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Sometimes babies are born before their bodies are ready to leave the womb. At that time, some important organs such as the heart, lungs, stomach, and skin may not be mature enough to function without special help. Though a pediatrician can solve most health problems or cases of newborn child, but a Neonatologist is specifically trained to handle the most complex and high-risk situations.
If a newborn is premature, or has a serious illness, injury, or birth defect, a neonatologist may assist at the time of delivery and in the subsequent care of your newborn.
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Neonatal respiratory therapies
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Neonatal disorders
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Neonatal syndromes
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Inborn errors of metabolism
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Neonatal jaundice
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Neonatal-perinatal medicine
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Congenital heart disease
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Epilepsy in neonates
The strength and health of mothers and children is a key indicator of general wellbeing in any setting. Maternal and Child Health (MCH) proactive, preventative and strategic approach to improve the availability of and access to high quality preventive and primary health care for all children, reproductive health care of all women and their partners. Pregnancy can provide an opportunity to distinguish existing health risks in women and to prevent future health problems for women and their children.
Maternal and child health professionals provide data and information to sexual reproductive health services and methods of family planning, promote the health of pregnant women and their children and increase immunization rates.
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Hypertension and heart disease
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Genetic conditions
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Midwifery in pediatrics
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Hygiene
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Reproductive, perinatal and pediatric epidemiology
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Family planning
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Maternal mortality
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Postpartum period
Pediatric nursing is a chance to work with some of the most precious and unpredictable creatures on the face of the planet – children and watch them growing up as well. Pediatric Nurses are specialized nurses usually complete advanced training in pediatrics and collaborate closely with doctors and other health care providers.
The ultimate goal of pediatric nursing is to ensure that all children develop and grow to their full potential. Apart from normal Nurses duties like recording the child’s height and weight, obtaining blood and urine samples, and ordering diagnostic testing; the pediatric nurses able to interpret test results, such as CT scans or MRIs, as well as to create a treatment plan based on those results.
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Clinical nursing
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Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Pediatric ophthalmology nursing
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Pediatric rheumatology nursing
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Pediatric neurology nursing
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Pediatric gastroenterology nursing
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Pediatric nutrition nursing
Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery is a broad field having many challenges with it. Children differ from adults in their structure, physical requirements, the kinds of illnesses they suffer from, and in the way they need to be treated, especially surgically. The method of Surgery for adults and surgery for children is different, that’s why a different set of specialists take care of these patients.
Pediatric surgeons diagnose and manage children’s surgical needs including surgery for abnormalities of the groin in childhood and adolescence, Diagnosis and surgical care of tumors, Endoscopic procedures etc.
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Pediatric thoracic surgery
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Pediatric cardiac surgery
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Pediatric dermatological surgery
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Pediatric gastrointestinal surgery
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Pediatric head & neck surgery
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Pediatric neurosurgery
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Pediatric orthopedic surgery
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Pediatric endocrine surgery
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Pediatric ophthalmic surgery
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Advancements in pediatric surgery
Eating well is fundamental procedure to live long physically and mentally. During the growing periods between infancy and adolescence, adequate nutrition is very important. A balanced diet is the cornerstone of lifelong physical and mental health. Pediatric nutrition considers the dietary needs of infants to support growth and development which includes changes in organ function and body composition. Infants consume small amounts of food at a time, but they should not be fed directly from the jar because bacteria are introduced into a jar from the babies' mouth.
Breast milk imparts superior nutritional, immunological, and psychological benefits to infants. Breastfeeding is also much more economical, and no preparation is required.
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Eating disorders
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Gastro esophageal reflux
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Infant formula & preparation
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Weight management
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Breastfeeding & complementary feeding
Pediatric Pulmonology includes the medical care of infants, children and adolescents with diseases and conditions of the lungs. Pediatric pulmonologists specialize in treating children with breathing problems like Asthma, Pneumonia, Wheezing, Bronchitis etc. Pulmonary function testing is a non-invasive test can be done in different ways to work best for children of various ages. They monitor conditions that increase the risk of permanent lung damage like pulmonary hypertension.
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Airway management
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Anti-inflammatory medications
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Asthma education
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Pulmonary hypertension
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Imaging tests
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Respiratory disease
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Obstructive sleep apnea
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Breathing difficulties
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Lung biopsies
A newborn's brain is very different than a child or adult brain. Neonatal neurology is a growing sub-specialty area which has considerable amount of neurologic problems present in the neonatal intensive care unit. The most commonly encountered neurologic diagnoses in NICU are brain injury relating to prematurity, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, seizures, stroke, cerebral malformation, and abnormal tone. There are more than 600 neurological disorders which can occur throughout a person's lifetime but very few neurological conditions are observed in newborns.
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Neonatal/infant epilepsy
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Cerebrovascular malformations
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Birth asphyxia
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Brain malformations
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Pediatric neuro-rehabilitation
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Pediatric neurosurgery
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Pediatric neurometabolic diseases
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Neuroscience research
The transition from the aqueous environment of the mother’s womb to dry land creates many challenges for the neonate. Pediatric Nephrology relates to acute and chronic diseases that affect renal function, blood pressure, and fluid and electrolyte disorders in children. Kidney disease can affect children in multiple manners, ranging from treatable disorders without long-term consequences to hazardous conditions.
Chronic kidney disease may be caused by a long-term blockage in the urinary tract, Alport syndrome, Nephrotic syndrome, Cystinosis etc. Kidney failure or renal failure is the condition when the kidneys slow down or stop properly filtering wastes from the body, which can cause buildups of waste products and toxic substances in the blood.
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Kidney transplants in children
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Neonatal renal disorder
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Nephrolithiasis
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Dialysis
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Kidney stones
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Urinary tract infections
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Hydronephrosis
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Hemolytic uremic syndrome
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Polycystic kidney disease
Pediatric and neonatal hematology is considered as a specialized science that incorporate with the hematopoietic, immunologic and chemical changes in a growing child. Neonatal hematology is a complex and dynamic process in the pediatric community.
There are dramatic changes occur in the blood and bone marrow of the newborn baby during the first hours and after some days of birth and there are rapid variances in the quantities of every single hematologic components. Neonatal hematologic values are disturbed by the gestational age of the infant, the presence of illness, and the level of support required for the child. Pediatric hematologists/oncologists diagnose, treat, and manage children and teens with diseases of blood cells including disorders of white cells, red cells, and platelets, bleeding disorders etc.
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Bleeding and clotting disorders
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Haematological malignancies
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Blood transfusion
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Blood bank
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Stem cell transplantation
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Tumour cell biology
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Drug development and diagnostics
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Bone marrow
Cancer in childhood is uncommon. Pediatric Oncology is considered to be the challenging field of childhood cancers. All known tumour types have been reported specifically in the neonates. Retinoblastoma is probably the most common malignant tumour observed in neonate. About 7% of these tumours have been apparent at birth. The causes of neonatal cancer are unclear, but genetic factors probably play a major role in it. More studies are required to define why the neonate does better with some tumours and worst with others.
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Carcinomas
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Neuroblastoma
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Brain and spinal cord tumors
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Bone cancers
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Chemotherapy
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Bone marrow transplantation
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Radiotherapy
Pediatric dentistry, also known as pedodontics focuses on oral health of children from infancy through the teen years. Taking good oral health practices should begin at home, when the child is about 1 year and continued throughout adult life. Lack of sufficient oral care would result as tooth decay in children due to dental caries that can even lead to serious complications for later period. Pediatric dentists are dedicated to the oral health and if teething is delayed in an infant.
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Pediatric dental emergencies
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Oral cancer
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Dental nursing
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Cosmetic dentistry
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Oral cavity
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Preventive and operative dentistry
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Dental marketing
Pediatric gastroenterologists concerned with treating the gastrointestinal tract, liver, or nutritional problems in child. One of the main problems of an infant is iron deficiency, which generate anemia. This is caused when the only food that the baby receives is maternal milk which does not sufficient for the baby’s nutrition. Infectious gastroenteritis is the most common pediatric GI disorder and about 5 billion episodes occur worldwide each year.
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Appendicitis
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Chronic constipation
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Gastrointestinal bleed
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Gastroesophageal reflux
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Neonatal cholestasis
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Bowel disease
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Lactose intolerance
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Crohn's disease
Pediatric Pharmacology provides guidelines for safe, effective drug therapy both in children, and adolescents. The coverage includes specific recommendations for all major diseases in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
It also included effects of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, drug development, and clinical trials in infants and children. The ability of paediatric patient to clear a drug changes rapidly in the first few months of life. It is observed that often a child can clear drugs faster than an adult. There are many pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes as a child develops.
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Ethics of drug research in pediatric populations
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Drug development in infants and children
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Clinical trials involving children
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Pharmacodynamics
Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition which affects the children and adolescents. Children who are obese are normally above the normal weight according to their age and height. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure used to determine childhood overweight and obesity. According to study, Children who are considered affected by obesity are 70 % more likely to continue this into adulthood as well.
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Epidemiology
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Cardiovascular diseases
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Type-2 Diabetes
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Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
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Genetics of obesity
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Diet and nutrition
Pediatric depression is a stress and relatively common psychiatric condition that generally continues episodically into adulthood. A child with Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) keeps having scary thoughts and memories of a past event. PTSD occurs as the result of an inescapable threat to life such as the effects of war, terrorism, natural disasters, accidents, disease and sudden death of a loved one and can cause lasting neurological and physiological changes to the brain. A child psychiatrist or mental health expert can diagnose PTSD and will do a mental health evaluation.
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Psychological Trauma
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Blunt trauma
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Trauma therapy
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Diagnosis, immunization & preventive measures
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Critical care in trauma
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Cognitive behavioral therapy
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Pediatrics psychiatry and neurodevelopment
New-borns are particularly susceptible to certain diseases, compare to older children and adults. Their new immune systems aren't enough developed to fight against the bacteria, viruses and parasites that cause infections. Infant respiratory distress syndrome which is also caused by infections is often a condition of preterm neonates that can have long-term negative outcomes and hazards to health. It has been estimated that 30–40% of neonatal deaths worldwide are associated with infectious disease and it is the work of Pediatric infectious diseases specialists who know how to diagnose and treat children in a better way that makes them relaxed.
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Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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Fungal infections
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Intrapartum/ Postpartum infection
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Neonatal sepsis
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Congenital infections
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Biological markers
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Zika virus
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Respiratory infections
Healthcare is one of the biggest industries all over the world. A health care administrator is ultimately responsible for the overall management of medical facilities. From hospitals to nursing homes, the role of a health care administrator or manager is to manage medical, billing and maintenance staff, answering typically to a board of directors, as well as patients and families. Without a good healthcare management system, a healthcare facility would not be able to provide effective care for patients.
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Hospital management
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Healthcare planning and marketing
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Pediatrics healthcare
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Telemedicine and healthcare administration
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World health systems
TOP HOSPITALS IN USA
1. Children's National Medical Center
2. Boston Children's Hospital
3. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
4. Johns Hopkins Children's Center
5. Rady Children's Hospital
6. Children's Hospital Los Angeles
7. Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
8. Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
9. Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt
10. UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco and Oakland
11. Texas Children's Hospital
12. Nicklaus Child
13. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
14. Seattle Children's Hospital
15. Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
16. University of California Davis Children's Hospital
17. Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital-Prentice Women's Hospital
18. St. Louis Children's Hospital-Washington University
19. Cohen Children's Medical Center
20. University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital
21. Nationwide Children's Hospital
22. University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children's Hospital
23. Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford
24. Children's Mercy Kansas City
25. Children's Hospital Colorado
26. New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley-Komansky Children's Hospital
27. University of Rochester-Golisano Children's Hospital
28. Duke Children's Hospital and Health Center
29. Yale-New Haven Children's Hospital
30. University of Virginia Children's Hospital
31. Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
32. Le Bonheur Children's Hospital
33. University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital
34. CHOC Children's Hospital
35. Akron Children's Hospital
36. Doernbecher Children's Hospital at Oregon Health and Science University
37. Mayo Clinic Children's Center
38. Arkansas Children's Hospital
39. Primary Children's Hospital
40. Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital
41. Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children
42. Children's Medical Center Dallas-Parkland Memorial Hospital
43. UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital
44. Inova Children's Hospital
45. Riley Hospital for Children at IU Health
46. Penn State Children's Hospital
47. North Carolina Children's Hospital at UNC
48. UF Health Shands Children's Hospital
49. OSF HealthCare Children's Hospital of Illinois
50. Children's Hospital at Montefiore
51. Advocate Children's Hospital-Oak Lawn
52. Advocate Children's Hospital-Park Ridge
53. American Family Children's Hospital
54. Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
55. Brenner Children's Hospital
56. Bristol-Myers Squibb Children's Hospital at RWJ Univ. Hosp
57. Children's Hospital and Medical Center
58. Children's Hospital at St. Peter's University Hospital
59. Children's Hospital of Alabama at UAB
60. Children's Hospital of Michigan
61. Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU
62. Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota
63. Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital
64. Connecticut Children's Medical Center
65. Cook Children's Medical Center
66. Dayton Children's Hospital
67. Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
68. Florida Hospital for Children
69. Goryeb Children's Hospital
70. Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital at Memorial
71. Holtz Children's Hospital at UM-Jackson Memorial Medical Center
72. Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
73. Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital at Hackensack University Medical Center
74. Kentucky Children's Hospital
75. Levine Children's Hospital
76. Loma Linda University Children's Hospital
77. Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center
78. MassGeneral Hospital for Children
79. Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital
80. MUSC Health-Children's Hospital
81. Nemours Children's Hospital
82. Norton Children's Hospital
83. NYU Winthrop Hospital Children's Medical Center
84. Ochsner Hospital for Children
85. Phoenix Children's Hospital
86. Rush University Children's Hospital
87. Spectrum Health Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
88. SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital
89. St. Louis University
90. St. Christopher's Hospital for Children
91. St. Joseph's Children's Hospital
92. T.C. Thompson Children's Hospital at Erlanger
93. University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital
94. University of Maryland Children's Hospital
95. Valley Children's Healthcare and Hospital
96. West Virginia University Children's Hospital
97. Wolfson Children's Hospital
98. Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo
99. Texas Children's Hospital
TOP HOSPITALS IN MIDDLE EAST
1. Hatta Hospital
2. Dubai Hospital
3. Rashid Hospital
4. Latifah Hospital (Al Wasl Hospital)
5. Al Baraha Hospital (Kuwaiti Hospital)
6. Iranian Hospital
7. Jebel Ali Hospital
8. Cedars Jebel Ali International Hospital
9. American Hospital Dubai
10. Canadian Specialist Hospital
11. Emirates International Hospital
12. Neuro Spinal Hospital
13. Belhoul European Hospital
14. Belhoul Speciality Hospital
15. Medcare Hospital Jumeirah
16. Aster Hospital
17. Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group (HMG)
18. MediLux Healthcare Ltd (MHL)
19. Zulekha Hospital
20. Magrabi Eye and Ear Centre
21. Gulf Speciality Hospital
22. NMC Speciality Hospital
23. New Medical Centre
24. International Modern Hospital
25. Lifeline Healthcare
26. Welcare Hospital Garhoud
27. The City Hospital
28. Sheikh Khalifa Medical City General Hospital
29. Al Mafraq Hospital
30.Tawam Hospital
31. Al Ain Hospital
32. Remah Medical Centre
33. Al Silah Hospital
34. Corniche Hospital
35. Al Rahba Hospital
36. Madinat Zayed Hospital
37. Lifeline Hospital
38. Al Salamah Hospital
39. Ahalia Hospital
40. Al Noor Hospital NMC Specialty Hospital
41. Burjeel Hospital
42. Middle East Specialized Medical Care Centre
43. Emirates Hospital
44. Oasis Hospital
45. Hospital Franco-Emirien (Emirates French Hospital)
46. Al Reef International Hospital
47. Dar Al Shifaa Hospital
48. General Medical Centre Hospital
49. American European Medical Centre
50. Al Qassimi Hospital
51. Al - Zahra Private Hospital
52. Central Private Hospital
53. The Royal Hospital
54. Zuleka Hospital
55. GMC Hospital Sharjah
56. University Hospital (Sharjah Teaching Hospital)
57. Al Zahrawi Hospital
58. RAK Hospital
59. Umm al Quwain Hospital
60. Sheikh Khelifa Bin Zayed Hospital
61. GMC Hospital Ajman
62. Ibin Sina Hospital
63. Al Fujairah Hospital
64. Al Fujairah Maternity Hospital
65. GMC Hospital Fujairah
66. Dibba Hospital
67. Al Sharq Hospital
TOP HOSPITALS IN EUROPE
1. Sant Joan de Déu-Barcelona Children’s Hospital
2. Grupo Hospitalario Quirón
3. Vithas Xanit International Hospital
4. HM Hospitales
5. Centro Médico Teknon
6. Anadolu Medical Center
7. Hospital Ruber Internacional
8. Heidelberg University Hospital
9. MITERA General, Maternity-Gynecology & Children’s Hospital
10. Medipol Mega University Hospital
11. Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro
12. Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe
13. Hospital Clínic Costa Brava
14. Sanitas Hospitals
15.Heidelberg University Hospital
16. Quirón Madrid University Hospital
17. Nisa Pardo de Aravaca Hospital
18. Kadikoy Florence Nightingale Hospital
19. Hospital Quirón Torrevieja
20. Hospital Quirón Valencia Liv Hospital
21. Florence Nightingale Istanbul Hospital
22. Hospital General de Catalunya
23. Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital
24. Istanbul Memorial Hospital